Chemistry Kenya
Chlorine and its Compounds
Chlorine and its Compounds
Chlorine and its Compounds
Chlorine
Chlorine is very reactive, so it is never found as the free element in nature. It occurs mainly as sodium chloride or rock salt. It also occurs in the combined state as chlorides of sodium, potassium and magnesium.
How is chlorine made?
In industry, chlorine is made by electrolysis of molten sodium chloride or brine. Brine is a concentrated solution of sodium chloride in water.
In the laboratory, chlorine is made by the oxidation of concentrated hydrochloric acid. The oxidation can be brought about by a number of oxidizing agents, for example, lead (IV) oxide, manganese (IV) oxide, trilead tetraoxide (Pb3O4) or potassium manganate (VII).
The reaction equation is:
Hydrogen chloride
Effect of solvent on the properties of hydrogen chloride
Uses of hydrogen chloride gas
Pollution of environment by chlorine and its compounds
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