Chemistry Kenya
Chemical Families
Chemical Families
Chemical Families
Alkali metals (Group 1); (lithium,sodium and potassium)
Electron arrangement, gradation in size of the atom, ions and trends in ionisation energy.
Physical properties; appearance, melting point, boiling point
Thermal and electrical conductivity
Reaction with air, water and chlorine
Similarity of ions and formulae of hydroxides, oxides and chlorides of alkali metals
Uses of alkali metals (sodium only)
Alkaline-earth metals (Group 2); (Beryllium,magnesium, and calcium)
Physical properties; appearance, melting point, boiling point, thermal and electrical conductivity
Reaction with air, water, chlorine and dilute acids: CAUTION: Reaction between calcium and acid is violent. Use very dilute acid)
Similarity of ions and formulae of oxides, hydroxides, and chlorides
Importance of alkaline-earth metals
Halogens (Group 7); (Fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine)
Electron configuration of fluorine and chlorine, gradation in size of the atoms and ions
Physical properties (appearance, melting point, boiling point, thermal and electrical conductivity)
Reaction with metals, sodium, zinc, iron and water
Similarity of ions and formulae of compounds
Importance of fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine
Noble gases (Group 8);(Helium, neon, argon)
Electron arrangement and gradation in size of the atoms
Electron arrangement- the basis of low reactivity of helium, neon and argon
Importance of noble gases
Properties and trends across a period
Period three elements (sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, phosphorus, sulphur,chlorine and argon)
Electron arrangement of the elements
Physical properties of period three elements (atomic size, ionisation energy, melting point, boiling point, thermal and electrical conductivity)
Reaction of period three elements with with oxygen, water and dilute acids. (CAUTION: Reaction of sodium with acids is explosive. Give theoretical treatment only)
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